Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The Potential Impact of the Emerging Issues in the Future Housing Development

Ameen M. Bin Mohanna, Safa Salem AL-garu — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Housing research involves examination of the social, economic, political and other aspects that center on housing. There are several emerging issues that may have direct or indirect impact in the housing sectors. The purpose of this study was to highlight the potential impacts of emerging issues in the future housing sector. Throughout reviewing the literature of housing, four emerging issues were identified as the most critical emerging issues namely; information and communication technology (ICT), smart and sustainable home concepts and urbanization. Reducing space consumptions in residential buildings, increasing the degree of flexibility in locational limitations as well as increasing the demand of residential buildings were discussed as the future potential impacts of the identified emerging issues in the housing sector.

Effectiveness of Six Selected Medicinal Plants Against Headlices, Pediculus humanus capitis: an in Vitro Study

Mohammed Ali Ahmed Saeed, Omar Abdullah Bamaga — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In head lice infestation situations, inappropriate topical pediculocide application and insecticide resistance are typical causes of treatment failure. Essential oils and plant extracts have drawn interest as safer substitutes with easy biodegradability and minimal toxicity to mammals. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of garlic and pomegranate extracts, as well as oils derived from garlic, clove, castor, black seed, and onion, in killing adult head lice. A filter paper diffusion method was conducted for determining the potential pediculocidal activity of the garlic and pomegranate extracts and oils of garlic, clove, castor, black seed, and onion. The results revealed that castor and black seed oils exhibited highly anti-lice activity, resulting in mortality 100% after 1 hour of treatment. Moderate efficacy was observed for G96, G50, and POM96 samples, leading to mortality rates ranging from 46.66% to 66.67%. However, GA, POM50, POMA, GO, CO, and ONO did not demonstrate anti-lice activity within the first hour. After 12 hours of treatment, all samples showed 100% mortality, indicating strong anti-lice effects. This study demonstrated highly significant pediculocidal effects of all tested samples, particularly castor and black seed oils, against head lice infestations.

A Review on Biological Synthesis of Nanoparticles: Medical and Agricultural Applications

Yousef abdulwahab, Ahyar Ahmad, Isra wahid, Paulina Taba, Nabil Alkadasi — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Nanoparticles (NPs) are materials made up of a collection of atoms that have one or more sizes that fall
within the range of 1-100 nm on the nanometer scale. Metallic bionanoparticles are currently a very important and
dynamic area of research, with significant implications for practical research. Due to its eco-friendly, non-toxic, low
energy requirement, and multifunctionality, biological synthesis of NPs is preferable to physical and chemical
synthesis. Because they contain significant secondary metabolites that speed up the reduction and stability of the
NPs, plants and microbes are effective reducing agents. The created NPs can subsequently be characterization of
physical and chemical properties under an electronic microscope (TEM, SEM, AFM) and using spectroscopy (UVVisible, XRD, IR, etc). A metallic ion or its oxide can be biologically reduced to a nanoparticle quickly, easily, and
up to constant temperature and pressure. One of the main causes of illness and mortality in humans is the rise in
multi-drug resistance microorganisms brought on by the overuse of antibiotics in individuals who are not diseased.
It is crucial that novel antibiotics with various modes of action are developed today to combat bacteria. At low
concentrations, metals and its oxides are extremely hazardous to microorganisms. Additionally, widespread
illnesses in human and plants are causing grave concern throughout the planet. Due to their wide range of
bioactivity, NPs make excellent antibacterial mediators in both the agricultural and medicinal industries. The
current research summarizes the creation of NPs via microbial and botanical sources, which allows metals to remain
in a stable form and after ionization. Additionally, it displayed an important database on the use of synthetic
nanopesticides in many agricultural and medicinal fields.

Investigation of the Physical and Chemical and Characteristics With Analysis of a Few Groundwater Wells and the Level of Contamination in the Rada’a Albaydha City, Yemen.

Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This investigation focuses on assessing the levels of positive and negative ion contamination in groundwater and its potential health impacts on residents in the Rada’a Albaydha city area. This locale is known for its extensive number of wells, estimated at around 20, which have been excavated randomly in recent times. For this study, (8) wells were specifically chosen to analyze their suitability for both irrigation and drinking purposes. Through conducting physical and chemical assessments, including the measurement of positive ions ( Ba 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca2+ , Li+, K+, Na+) utilizing an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) instrument, variability in ion concentrations was observed across the samples, reflecting their various origins. The analysis revealed that the levels of well water contaminants fall within the safety limits set by Yemeni and international standards, except for potassium ions, which exceeded these thresholds. Similarly, sodium ion levels were detected within acceptable limits in some wells, while other wells recorded levels surpassing the safety benchmarks established by Yemeni and international authorities. Additionally, negative ions (CO3---, HCO3-, F-, CL-) were quantified using a Spectrophotometer (2800). For these eight wells, the concentrations of all tested water samples complied with Yemeni and international permissible levels, with the exception of two wells where chloride and fluoride ions were found in excess of the allowable limits. Moreover, parameters such as normal acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were evaluated, revealing that the pH levels ranged from 6.5 to 6.8, categorizing the well water as slightly acidic. The EC and TDS measurements varied significantly, with values ranging from 492 to 3999 micro-siemens/cm , correlating with the concentration of dissolved salts. Notably, the water from all but one well was deemed suitable for consumption and agricultural use based on the TDS content meeting Yemeni and international guidelines. However, one well was identified with TDS levels beyond acceptable limits, rendering it unsuitable for drinking or irrigation purposes.

The Effect of Yeast and Hydrogen Peroxide Soaking on the Germination and Growth of Maize Seedlings (Zea mays L.) under Different Levels of Irrigation

Iman Najm Al-Din, Mahroos Abdulla Bahawireth, Yaser Saeed Bahurmuz — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effect of soaking in yeast solution and hydrogen peroxide solution on the germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, and leaf growth of maize seedlings under three levels of Irrigation (5, 15, 25 ml water). Sixteen seeds were planted in each dish after being immersed in a yeast solution (20 g/L), hydrogen peroxide (20 ml/L), and water (control) for 6 hours, with daily watering. Measurements were taken after 8 and 12 days. The results were statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design. The results showed that watering with 25 ml daily yielded the highest results for the studied traits, with significant differences except for radicle length at 8 days. Immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution gave the best results for all studied traits except for radicle length at 8 days. Additionally, the interaction between watering with 25 ml and hydrogen peroxide yielded the highest results for all traits, except for radicle length at 8 days and leaf length at 12 days.

This study recommends watering maize grown in dishes with 25 ml per dish and soaking in hydrogen peroxide for 6 hours to achieve better results during water stress.

Analyzing the Security of Student Data and Results in the Student Affairs System at Hadhramout University: Toward Enhancing Protection with Modern Technologies

Naziha Mohammed Ali Al-Aidroos — Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the current state of data and student results security in the
Student Affairs System at Hadhramout University. It identifies the main security challenges facing
the system and explores the potential for enhancing data protection through the adoption of modern
technologies such as encryption, local storage, multi-factor authentication, and blockchain.
The study was guided by key research questions addressing the current level of data security,
potential threats and risks, the extent of policy compliance, staff awareness, and the feasibility of
applying modern technical solutions to strengthen data protection.
A descriptive analytical methodology was adopted. Data was collected through a structured
questionnaire distributed to a sample of 27 employees working directly in the Student Affairs
administration, in addition to conducting interviews with system administrators and technical
personnel.
The findings revealed that while the system has an acceptable technical infrastructure and a
generally sound access control mechanism, there are notable gaps in security training, weak policy
enforcement, and inconsistencies in employees’ awareness of existing risks and procedures.
Moreover, staff confidence in system security does not always reflect an institutional reality
supported by clear policies and structured training.
Recommendations were developed based on the analysis of both the questionnaire and interviews.
Key proposals include: appointing a designated data protection officer, implementing encryption and
multi-factor authentication, improving incident reporting procedures, enhancing monitoring and
compliance, and adopting emerging technologies such as blockchain to ensure data integrity and
prevent manipulation.
This research highlights the urgent need for a comprehensive data security strategy in academic
institutions and serves as a foundational reference for improving security policies and system
performance in Yemeni universities.