Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Studying The Effect of Irrigation Periods and Potassium Fertilization on The Growth of Sorghum

Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study was conducted with the aim of the urgent need to conduct applied research that leads to
appropriate utilization of available water, and given the importance of the crop in terms of water and fertilizer needs
and the absence of studies in this field. Therefore, the aim of implementing the research is to study the effect of
different rates of potassium fertilization and periods. Different irrigations on sorghum growth Sorghum bicolor L.
This research study was carried out in the experimental field of the research farm of the General Authority for
Agricultural Research, Marib Governorate - Republic of Yemen, for two consecutive agricultural seasons 2021 -
2022 AD to study the effect of four different levels of irrigation, represented by irrigation once every (5 days, 7
days, 10 days, 15 days). ) and four different rates of potassium sulphate fertilizer (50% K2O) at (50, 100, and 150
kg potassium sulphate/ha) In addition to the comparison treatment without fertilization on growth characteristics:
plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and leaf area of sorghum plant Sorghum bicolor L. The data were
statistically analyzed using the least significant difference (LSD) method, the SAS statistical program [31] in
analyzing plants. The results showed that there were significant differences in the irrigation period treatments,
where the irrigation treatment every (5 days) was superior in average plant height to the rest of the treatments, and
the irrigation period every (7 days) was superior in the characteristics of stem diameter, number of leaves, and leaf
area, and the irrigation treatment every 15 showed... day ) The lowest average in all the studied traits. The results of
the study showed that the comparison potassium fertilizer treatment at a rate of (100 kg/ha) was superior to the rates
in all the studied traits, and the comparison (zero) did not give any significant increase with all the studied traits
compared to the rest of the treatments. The results of the interaction effects between irrigation period treatments and
potassium fertilization treatments showed that the potassium fertilization treatment (100 kg/ha) was superior to the
irrigation period (5 days) in terms of plant height. Likewise, the potassium fertilization treatment (150 kg/ha) was
superior to the irrigation period treatment. (7 days) in the average diameter of the stem. The results of the
interaction effect between the potassium fertilization treatments (100 kg/ha) and the irrigation period treatment (7
days) showed the highest value in the characteristics of number of leaves and leaf area, and showed the interaction
effect between the comparison treatment with all the irrigation periods studied. The lowest results in all the studied
traits.

Fourth, Fifth and Seventh-Order Iterative Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations

Hassan M. S. Bawazir — Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this paper, three iterative techniques are introduced for finding the numerical solutions of nonlinear
equations. It is demonstrated that our methods exhibit convergence of four, five, and seven orders. Analysis reveals
that our approaches outperform certain recent methods in terms of efficiency. The performance of the proposed
techniques is evaluated through numerical examples. Additionally, the theoretical order of convergence is
confirmed through these examples

Three Different Analytical Techniques for Measuring Serum Sodium as Well as Potassium Levels in Yemeni Patients with Kidney Disease: A Comparative Study

Munir S. Obbed, Mohammed S. Bashanaini, Zeinab A. Albeity, Lotfi S. Bin Dahman — Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The current study used three distinct laboratory methods to determine serum sodium and potassium
values among Yemeni patients with renal disease: an ion-selective electrode, a flame photometer, and a
spectrophotometer. Between January 1 and 30, 2021, 70 renal patients aged 20 to 70 were selected at the Health of
the Public Labs National Center. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25. Mean serum sodium concentrations
differed significantly between analytical techniques (ion-selective electrode: 134.63±3.008 mEq/L, flame
photometer: 136.86±3.432 mEq/L, and spectrophotometer: 139.23±3.519 mEq/L; P≤0.0001). Significant
differences were found in mean serum potassium concentration (5.190±0.8866) mEq/L, (5.037±0.6836) mEq/L, and
(4.521±0.7028) mEq/L assessed by ISE, flame photometer, and spectrophotometer, respectively (P≤0.0001). The
sodium and potassium values determined using all methods fell between the upper and lower limits with a 95%
confidence interval and a 95% limit of agreement. Additionally, a strong correlation was observed using correlation
coefficient analysis between ISE, flame photometry, and spectrophotometry methods for serum sodium and
potassium concentration results.

A comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Yemeni and Indian Allium cepa against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Maged S. Bin-Masalam, M. F. Al-Kathiry, S. Bin-zame — Mon, 05 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In Yemen, many medicinal plants have been used for treatment of various diseases for thousands of
years. The onion plant (Allium cepa) was one of these medicinal plants. The concept of the current study was based
on the antimicrobial activity of different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg mL-1
) of Aqueous and Ethanolic
extracts of Yemeni (local) and Indian (Imported) A. cepa against five pathogenic Gram negative and Gram positive
bacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus
aureus using agar well diffusion method. Agar dilution method was used for determination of Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC). The current study detected that the Yemeni A. cepa achieved antibacterial activity higher than
the activity of Indian A. cepa, and the ethanolic extracts were stronger than the aqueous extracts for both onions.
Therefore, the highest inhibition activity achieved by the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Yemeni A. cepa was
detected for K. pneumonia (20.5±0.5 mm) and B. cereus (22.5±0.5 mm), respectively, while for the aqueous and
ethanolic extracts of Indian A. cepa, the highest inhibitory activity was detected for S. aureus (14.0±2.0 mm) and K.
pneumonia (20.0±0.0 mm), respectively. The difference in the antibacterial activities was significant (p<0.05)
except in application of aqueous Yemeni extracts against P. aeruginosa. Moreover, S. aureus was not inhibited by
all concentrations of aqueous Yemeni and ethanolic Indian A. cepa, and it was inhibited weakly by other extracts.
MIC values were different, the lowest value (12.5 μg mL-1
) was recorded by Yemeni aqueous extract against E. coli
and B. cereus, while the lowest value (25 μg mL-1
) was recorded by Yemeni ethanolic extract against K.
pneumonia, B. cereus and S. aureus. Finally, the researchers recommend to conduct extensive and comprehensive
studies about the effects of Yemeni A. cepa on fungi and other harmful organisms.