Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The Artificial Intelligence of Mobile Application of the Exchange Companies - Success Quality Engineering Measurement: Valid Instrument Yemen (AlShihr-Mukalla) Users Perspective

Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing complexity of systems, particularly those incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), has rendered existing assessment tools insufficient for evaluating quality engineering effectiveness. A more comprehensive understanding of system success is therefore imperative. This study seeks to develop and validate a novel instrument for measuring system quality success by synthesizing frameworks from Information Systems (DeLone and McLean model) and Software Engineering (ISO 25010). The instrument's construction was refined through an expert panel of thirteen academics. It was subsequently empirically validated with a sample of 105 Yemeni users of AI-based mobile applications. Statistical analysis demonstrated strong reliability and validity, confirming the instrument's effectiveness as the first tool to assess system success through this integrated theoretical lens.

Field Experimental Study of the Effect of Cool Roof Coating on Indoor Air Temperature in a Typical Concrete Building in Hadhramout, Yemen

Mohammed Salem Bakhlah, Mansoor Mohammed Binthabet, Adel Abdullah Almuallem — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Roof heat gain is a crucial factor in determining a buildings thermal performance. However, strategies aimed at minimizing this heat gain—both during construction and in post-construction retrofitting—are frequently limited or inadequately addressed. This study examines the effect of a cool roof coating on the indoor thermal conditions of a typical concrete residential building located in Hadhramout, Yemen. Despite the growing global interest in passive cooling technologies, no prior research has evaluated the effectiveness of cool roof coatings in this specific regional and climatic context, nor has the extent of indoor air temperature reduction resulting from such an intervention been empirically established. In-situ measurements were conducted through a field survey involving two adjacent rooms of identical design, condition and specifications. The measured parameters included indoor and ambient air temperatures, in addition to indoor and outdoor roof surface temperatures, both before and after the application of the cool roof coating. Data were collected during the peak thermal stress months of July and August. The results revealed that the application of the cool roof coating led to a decrease in indoor air temperature ranging from 0.1°C to 2.4°C. Moreover, indoor surface temperatures decreased by approximately 1.2°C to 5.4°C, while the outdoor roof surface temperature exhibited a marked reduction of up to 15.9°C at midday. These findings provide empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of cool roof coatings as a viable passive cooling strategy for improving indoor thermal condition in concrete buildings situated in hot-humid climates.

Proposing a Risk Management Framework to Enhance Construction Project Performance: Case Study on Wated Engineering Projects in Al-Mukalla

S. Balubaid, Walied Ahmed Salem Bazar, A. Baobood — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to bridge a research gap in construction project risk management within the private sector by proposing an integrated framework based on the International Risk Management Standards (ISO 31000) and the best practices outlined in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide). It focuses on diagnosing the current state of risk management practices at "Wated Engineering Works and Contracting Office" and analyzing their impact on achieving project objectives (cost, time, quality). The research adopted a case study methodology, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. Risks were identified and assessed using systematic tools, including: historical project record analysis, brainstorming interviews with experienced personnel, and the application of a Quantitative Risk Analysis Matrix (Probability and Impact Matrix) to prioritize them. The results revealed a structural weakness in the Office's risk management practices. Analysis of 30 projects showed average deviations exceeding 22% for cost and 31% for time from planned values. Eight high-impact risks were identified, representing 70% of the total threats. The analysis demonstrated that the absence of a systematic institutional framework and the lack of proactive tools were the main causes of the top five most impactful risks (according to Pareto Analysis). The study concludes that enhancing risk management efficiency requires developing a strategic plan based on adopting a Maturity Model aligned with PMI and ISO standards. It also proposes a practical framework for integrating risk management processes into the project lifecycle, which according to model simulation results could enable project managers to reduce deviations in project objectives by up to 40%. These findings open new avenues for developing customized risk management models for the local environment and underscore the urgent need to enhance organizational capabilities in small and medium-sized contracting enterprises.

ON (p,q)-BESSEL FUNCTION OF TWO VARIABLES

Fadhl S . N . Alsarahi — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Bessel function is probably the best-known special function, within pure and applied mathematics. The principal object of the present paper is to construct new analogy definition of the -Bessel function of two variables, using the generating function method. This study shows a class of Bessel function with the help of the generating function. Some properties of this function and explicit representations of difference equations and recurrence relations are obtained.

Evaluation of Spring’s Sweiber and Thouban Water Quality at AL-Diss Ashrqiya, Hadhramout, Yemen and Its Suitability for Use in Drinking and Irrigation

Faizan F. Bin Saeed, Qamar Alzammar, Fadhl Ali Al-Nozaily, Salim F. Bamsaoud — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study was performed for one year (during the period 2018-2019) to investigate Sweiber and Thouban springs water quality of which are located in AL-Diss Ashrqiya-Hadhramout, Yemen. The results showed that the values of the electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, sulphate, fluoride, manganese, calcium, potassium and water temperature are not within the permissible levels of Yemeni and World Health Organization (WHO) standards, therefore, the water of Sweiber and Thouban can be classified as undrinkable water. In comparison with the classifications adopted in this study, it can be concluded that the water of Sweiber and Thouban springs are not suitable for irrigation purposes, as it is water with acute problems.

Detection the Persistence of Antibodies of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Healthy Individuals Vaccinated with Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine in Mukalla- Hadhramout/Yemen

Sarah Hussein Al-Hamed, Eidha Ali Bin-Hameed — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to both short-term and long-term liver conditions, posing a significant worldwide public health concern. The HBV vaccine serves as a prime illustration of preventive measures and has proven to be effective in averting HBV transmission and related health issues. The study aimed to assess the immune response to HBV among healthy individuals in Mukalla, Hadhramout/Yemen who had been vaccinated before 15 years or more, by measuring anti-HBs levels. During January 2023, blood samples were taken from 206 healthy individuals who had received the HBV vaccine as a part of a cross-sectional and analytical study. Out of the 206 vaccinated healthy individuals with the HBV vaccine, 78(37.9%) had protective anti-HBs titers, and factors such as Rh blood factor, smoking, and the ABO blood groups were found to be significantly associated with the level of post-vaccination immunity. The samples were analyzed for ABO blood groups, HBsAg, and anti-HBs using the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay technique, and an anti-HBs antibody titer of ≥10 IU/L was considered protective against HBV infection. The study found that anti-HBs levels were not significantly linked to factors such as age, gender, residence, country of vaccination, time since last dose, blood transfusion, BMI, and chronic diseases. However, the seroprevalence rate of anti-HBs decreased in individuals vaccinated in Mukalla city, Hadhramout, putting them at risk of HBV infection. Additionally, immune response was notably associated with the Rh blood factor, smoking, and ABO blood group. Therefore, booster immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended.

The Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) Leaf Extract on the Growth and Yield of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under Water Stress Conditions

Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A field experiment was conducted in farmland in Ghayl Bawazir District, Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen, to study the effect of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) on the growth and yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown under water stress conditions during the 2024 growing season. A randomized complete block design with two parametersirrigation intervals (5 and 10 days) and Moringa leaf extract concentrations (0, 5, and 10%) applied as a foliar spraywas used, with three replications. The results showed that irrigation every 10 days negatively and significantly affected chlorophyll synthesis, while foliar spraying of Moringa leaf extract had a positive effect in mitigating this stress. The 10% Moringa leaf extract concentration resulted in the highest readings for the number of leaves, percentage of shoot dry weight, plant height, and chlorophyll a, while the 5% concentration resulted in the highest readings for chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and yield of the experimental plot. Therefore, we recommend using Moringa leaf extract to mitigate the negative effects of drought stress and increase productivity. It serves as a natural alternative that can achieve similar effects to synthetic chemicals without the potentially harmful side effects on humans, the environment, and other living organisms associated with synthetic chemicals.

Physicochemical Characteristics of Indian, Sudanese, and Yemeni (Hadhramout) Sesame Seed Oil

Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the chemical composition and physical properties of sesame oil from three different types of sesame, namely Indian sesame (Ind.S), Sudanese sesame (Sud.S), and Yemeni Al-Hadrami sesame (YHa.S). Using Fourier transform infrared and gas chromatography techniques. The oil was extracted from sesame seeds by the Soxhlet method with a non-Soxelite substance (hexane). A high percentage of oil or Indian sesame seeds was obtained at 50%. And Sudanese and Hadhrami by 48.96% and 43.67%, respectively. The chemical and physical parameters of sesame oil were analyzed, including free fatty acid (FFA) content of 0.94%, 3.38% and 3.29%, acid value of 2.06±0.06mg/g, 7.41±0.1mg/g and 7.23±0.15mg. Coefficient Refraction 1.4632 ± 0.01, 1.4728 ± 0.01 and 1.4575 ± 0.01 at 28°C, moisture contents 0.163 ± 0.15, 0.131 ± 0.002 and 0.573 ± 0.02, density 0.875 ± 0.002, 0.870 ± 0.002 f 0.843±0.002 g/ml, specific gravity of 0.9441±0.003, 0.9442±0.003 and 0.913±0.003 g/mL, and viscosities 31.49, 32.35, 29.86 cP at 28 °C. These results provide important insights into the characterization of sesame oil and could have significant implications for its use in various industries.

Exploring Perspectives on Opportunities and Challenges: An Investigation into the Integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Educational Environments

Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in educational settings has sparked considerable interest due to its potential to revolutionize traditional teaching methods. This paper presents a comprehensive survey, exploring the opportunities and challenges connected with the incorporation of IoT in education. By analyzing existing literature, this study aims to shed light on the transformative impact of IoT on learning environments and pedagogical practices. The IoT represents one of the most formidable platforms that signifies the interconnection of physical objects in the foreseeable future. A multitude of comprehensive evaluation studies have been undertaken to examine and consolidate the utilization of IoT and its applications across various domains. Thus far, the research landscape has overlooked the provision of a holistic review study concerning the implementation of IoT in the realm of education. Hence, the principal objective of this study is to elucidate the recent advancements in the integration of IoT applications in the field of education and delineate numerous opportunities and challenges for future endeavours. In a more focused context, this study review succinctly encapsulates the potential of IoT adoption in education, encompassing training in medical education and, vocational education, Green IoT in education, and wearable technologies in educational settings.

A survey study of the vegetation cover on both sides of the international road between the districts of Hora and Valley Al-Ain, and Al-Qatn in Hadhramout, Yemen

Murad Mohammed Kanji, Mohammed Saeed bin Kadeem, Amin Abdul Qader Hashla — Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A study was conducted to determine the plant composition of vegetation cover in a geographic location. This study was conducted on both sides of the international road from the Al-Buraiki roundabout, the district of Hura, Al-Ain Valley, to the roundabout of Al-Aneen, Al-Qatn Directorate, Hadramout, Yemen, during the period from 14/10/2024 to 18/2/2025. The results obtained identified 55 plant species belonging to 49 genera, including 26 families. Of the 55 species, 39 were naturally occurring (i.e., wild) plant species, while 14 plant species were cultivated. Further, 2 species were present as a mixture of naturally occurring and cultivated. The different forms of plant species were also tallied, where 10 species appeared in the form of trees, 13 species appeared in the form of shrubs, and 32 species appeared in the form of herbs. The most prevalent species in the study area are Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis spicigera. The study recommended more in-depth studies in various plant fields, and providing moral and financial support to government universities and research centers for the study of Yemeni flora.