Physicochemical Characteristics of Indian, Sudanese, and Yemeni (Hadhramout) Sesame Seed Oil

Abstract

The study examined the chemical composition and physical properties of sesame oil from three different types of sesame, namely Indian sesame (Ind.S), Sudanese sesame (Sud.S), and Yemeni Al-Hadrami sesame (YHa.S). Using Fourier transform infrared and gas chromatography techniques. The oil was extracted from sesame seeds by the Soxhlet method with a non-Soxelite substance (hexane). A high percentage of oil or Indian sesame seeds was obtained at 50%. And Sudanese and Hadhrami by 48.96% and 43.67%, respectively. The chemical and physical parameters of sesame oil were analyzed, including free fatty acid (FFA) content of 0.94%, 3.38% and 3.29%, acid value of 2.06±0.06mg/g, 7.41±0.1mg/g and 7.23±0.15mg. Coefficient Refraction 1.4632 ± 0.01, 1.4728 ± 0.01 and 1.4575 ± 0.01 at 28°C, moisture contents 0.163 ± 0.15, 0.131 ± 0.002 and 0.573 ± 0.02, density 0.875 ± 0.002, 0.870 ± 0.002 f 0.843±0.002 g/ml, specific gravity of 0.9441±0.003, 0.9442±0.003 and 0.913±0.003 g/mL, and viscosities 31.49, 32.35, 29.86 cP at 28 °C. These results provide important insights into the characterization of sesame oil and could have significant implications for its use in various industries.