Evaluation of Lipid Profile, Body Mass Index and Glucose Level in Patients with Essential Hypertension in Hadhramout – Yemen

Abstract

Hypertension is a major global health problem and a primary risk factor for cardiovascular 
diseases, often associated with lipid disorders. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 
Mukalla, to evaluate the lipid profile body mass index (BMI), and glucose levels in patients with 
hypertension and compare them with healthy individuals. A total of 60 participants (28 males and 32 
females) were enrolled in the study. Among them, 40 participants (18 males and 22 females) were 
diagnosed with hypertension (patient group), while 20 were healthy (control group). Blood samples were 
analyzed using the enzymatic methods to measure the lipid profile and glucose level in the serum, and 
BMI was also measured. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the levels of total 
cholesterol (T.C), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), BMI, and glucose levels in the 
patient group compared with the healthy group. However, no statistically significant increase in high
density lipoprotein (HDL) levels was observed between the two groups. Correlation analysis showed 
significant positive correlations between systolic pressure and BMI, glucose, TC, and LDL. Conversely, 
diastolic pressure correlated significantly only with TG. No significant correlations were found between 
blood pressure and HDL. The study concluded that hypertension is significantly associated with lipid 
disorders, and patients with hypertension need regular lipid analysis to prevent heart and cardiovascular 
diseases. The study recommends further research on other hematological and biochemical markers, as 
well as on the relationship between the disease, nutrition, and environmental factors.